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1 паровая нагрузка промышленных потребителей
паровая нагрузка промышленных потребителей
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[А.С.Гольдберг. Англо-русский энергетический словарь. 2006 г.]Тематики
EN
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > паровая нагрузка промышленных потребителей
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2 паровая нагрузка промышленных потребителей
Engineering: industrial steam loadУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > паровая нагрузка промышленных потребителей
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3 нагрузка
demand эл., duty, load, loading, current sink, stress, weight* * *нагру́зка ж.1. мех., эл. loadбез нагру́зки — at no-loadвключа́ть нагру́зку эл. — throw on the loadвключа́ть, напр. генера́тор на нагру́зку — cause, e. g., the generator to pick up (and carry) the loadвключа́ться на нагру́зку — pick up and carry the loadнагру́зка возника́ет в результа́те … — a load arises fromнагру́зка от … — load due to …воспринима́ть нагру́зку — react a loadпод нагру́зкой эл. — under loadпокрыва́ть, напр. пи́ковую нагру́зку — supply, e. g., the peak loadприкла́дывать нагру́зку мех. — loadпринима́ть нагру́зку ( для расчетов) мех. — assume [specify] a load (for calculations)рабо́тать на нагру́зку эл. — operate [work] into load, carry the loadраспределя́ть нагру́зку ме́жду генера́торами ( при параллельной работе) — divide the load between the generators (under parallel operation)сбра́сывать нагру́зку эл. — throw off [shed] the loadснима́ть нагру́зку мех. — unloadстанови́ться под нагру́зку — take (up the) load2. (вентилятора, насоса и т. п.) duty3. тлф., телегр. trafficнагру́зка авари́йного режи́ма — emergency loadакти́вная нагру́зка эл. — resistive loadано́дная нагру́зка элк. брит. — anode load, амер. plate loadаэродинами́ческая нагру́зка — aerodynamic [wind] loadба́зовая нагру́зка эл. — base loadбалла́стная нагру́зка — ballast loadбезопа́сная нагру́зка — safe loadбезындукти́вная нагру́зка — non-inductive loadбесшлако́вочная нагру́зка тепл. — boiler rating without wall clinkeringбытова́я нагру́зка ( энергосистемы) — appliance [residential] loadнагру́зка весо́в, преде́льная — capacityветрова́я нагру́зка — wind loadвибрацио́нная нагру́зка — vibratory loadвнепи́ковая нагру́зка ( энергосистемы) — off-peak loadвнеце́нтренная нагру́зка мех. — eccentric loadвозду́шная нагру́зка ав. — air loadуравнове́шивать возду́шную нагру́зку инерцио́нной — place air load in equilibrium with inertia loadвре́менная нагру́зка — temporary loadвтори́чная нагру́зка ( измерительного трансформатора) — burdenгидростати́ческая нагру́зка — hydrostatic loadгололё́дная нагру́зка ( на провода) — sleet [ice] loadнагру́зка гради́рни, гидравли́ческая — water concentrationдинами́ческая нагру́зка — dynamic [impact] loadдли́тельная нагру́зка — sustained loadё́мкостная нагру́зка — capacitive loadнагру́зка зе́ркала испаре́ния тепл. — water surface duty; rate of evaporation per sq.m. of water surfaceзнакопереме́нная нагру́зка — alternating loadизгиба́ющая нагру́зка — bending loadи́мпульсная нагру́зка — (im)pulse loadиндукти́вная нагру́зка — inductive loadинерцио́нная нагру́зка — inertia(l) loadиспыта́тельная нагру́зка — test loadиспыта́тельная, основна́я нагру́зка (по Ро́квеллу) — major loadиспыта́тельная, предвари́тельная нагру́зка (по Ро́квеллу) — minor loadнагру́зка ка́рты — map detailsнагру́зка конденса́тора, парова́я — rate of condensation per sq.m. of condenser surfaceконсо́льная нагру́зка — cantilever loadкосонапра́вленная нагру́зка — oblique loadнагру́зка ма́ссы ав. — mass loadмгнове́нная нагру́зка — instantaneous loadнагру́зка на крепь — support loadнагру́зка на ось — axle load, load on the axle, axle weightнеподви́жная нагру́зка — (static) quiescent loadнесимметри́чная нагру́зка эл. — unbalanced loadнесогласова́нная нагру́зка эл. — unmatched loadномина́льная нагру́зка — rated [nominal] load, power ratingнормати́вная нагру́зка — proof loadоконе́чная нагру́зка — terminal [terminating] loadосвети́тельная нагру́зка ( энергосистемы) — lighting demand, lighting loadосева́я нагру́зка — axial [thrust] loadотопи́тельная нагру́зка ( энергосистемы) — beating demand, beating loadнагру́зка от поры́ва ве́тра ав. — gust loadпарова́я нагру́зка ( энергосистемы) — steam demand, rate of evaporationнагру́зка парово́го объё́ма — steam space duty, rate of evaporation per cu.m. of steam spaceнагру́зка переме́нного направле́ния — alternating loadпериоди́ческая знакопостоя́нная нагру́зка — intermittent loadпи́ковая нагру́зка ( энергосистемы) — peak loadраспределя́ть пи́ковую нагру́зку — smooth out the peak loadпого́нная нагру́зка стр. — linear load, load per unit lengthподви́жная нагру́зка — movable (static) [live static] loadполе́зная нагру́зка ( на транспорте) — payloadпо́лная нагру́зка — full loadпоса́дочная нагру́зка ав. — landing loadпостоя́нная нагру́зка — permanent [fixed] loadпреде́льная нагру́зка — ultimate loadнагру́зка при торможе́нии — brake loadпрое́ктная нагру́зка — design loadпромы́шленная нагру́зка ( энергосистемы) — industrial load, industrial demandрабо́чая нагру́зка — workloadраспределя́ть рабо́чую нагру́зку равноме́рно — smooth out workloadравноме́рная нагру́зка — uniform loadравноме́рно распределё́нная нагру́зка — uniformly distributed loadразде́льная нагру́зка элк. — split loadразруша́ющая нагру́зка — breaking loadразры́вная нагру́зка текст. — breaking loadраспределё́нная нагру́зка — distributed loadрастя́гивающая нагру́зка — tensile loadрасчё́тная нагру́зка — design loadреакти́вная нагру́зка эл. — reactive loadсжима́ющая нагру́зка мех. — compressive loadсилова́я нагру́зка ( энергосистемы) — power load, power demandсимметри́чная нагру́зка эл. — balanced loadсогласо́ванная нагру́зка — matched loadсосредото́ченная нагру́зка — concentrated loadсплошна́я нагру́зка — continuous loadстати́ческая, вре́менная нагру́зка — temporary static loadстати́ческая, постоя́нная нагру́зка — dead loadнагру́зка стоя́ночного режи́ма ( на энергетическую установку судна) — anchor loadтелефо́нная нагру́зка — telephone trafficтелефо́нная, входя́щая нагру́зка — called telephone trafficтелефо́нная, избы́точная нагру́зка — exuberant telephone trafficтелефо́нная, исходя́щая нагру́зка — calling telephone trafficтелефо́нная, поступа́ющая нагру́зка — the traffic offeredтелефо́нная, поте́рянная нагру́зка — the traffic lostтелефо́нная, прове́рочная нагру́зка — checking telephone trafficтелефо́нная, пропу́щенная нагру́зка — the traffic carriedтелефо́нная, чрезме́рная нагру́зка — overflow trafficтеплова́я нагру́зка ( энергосистемы) — beat demand, beat dutyтормозна́я нагру́зка — brake loadтя́говая нагру́зка — ав. thrust loading; трансп. traction loadуда́рная нагру́зка — impact loadуде́льная нагру́зка — unit loadнагру́зка ходово́го режи́ма ( на энергетическую установку судна) — cruising loadцикли́ческая нагру́зка мех. — cyclic loadнагру́зка электроста́нции — station load -
4 нагрузка
1. ж. мех. эл., loadнагрузка возникает в результате … — a load arises from
нагрузка от … — load due to …
2. ж. duty3. ж. тлф. телегр., trafficнагрузка зеркала испарения — water surface duty; rate of evaporation per of water surface
тяговая нагрузка — thrust loading; traction load
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5 электростанция
power facility, power house, generating station, electric (power) station* * *электроста́нция ж.
electric power stationа́томная электроста́нция — atomic [nuclear] power plantба́зисная электроста́нция — base-load power stationветрова́я электроста́нция — wind-power stationгазомазу́тная электроста́нция — gas-and-oil-burning power stationгазотурби́нная электроста́нция — gas-turbine power stationгеотерма́льная электроста́нция — geothermal power plantгидроаккумули́рующая электроста́нция [ГАЭС] — hydroelectric pumped storage power plantди́зельная электроста́нция — diesel power plantконденсацио́нная электроста́нция — condensation [condensing] power plantлокомоби́льная электроста́нция — locomobile power plantэлектроста́нция на жи́дком то́пливе — oil-burning power plantэлектроста́нция на твё́рдом то́пливе — coal-burning power plantпаротурби́нная электроста́нция — steam-turbine power plantпередвижна́я электроста́нция — mobile electric power stationпи́ковая электроста́нция — peak(-load) power stationплаву́чая электроста́нция — floating power stationприли́вная электроста́нция [ПЭС] — tidal power plantпромы́шленная электроста́нция — industrial (service) power plantэлектроста́нция с магнитогидродинами́ческим генера́тором [с МГД-генера́тором] — magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] power plantтеплова́я электроста́нция — steam power plant, fuel-fired steam plant, thermal power stationтеплофикацио́нная электроста́нция — heat-electric generating plant -
6 котёл
( цистерны) barrel ж.-д., boiler, caldron, ( центрального парового отопления) furnace, kettle, pot, vessel* * *котё́л м.
( паровой) boiler; (технологический, варочный и т. п.) kettle, panподде́рживать котё́л в горя́чем резе́рве тепл. — bank a boilerраста́пливать котё́л — kindle a boilerба́зисный котё́л — base-load boilerбесто́почный котё́л — unfired boilerби́тумный котё́л — asphalt heaterбланширо́вочный котё́л пищ. — blancher, blanching boilerбло́чный котё́л — modular boilerва́рочный котё́л — digester, cooker; ( для гипса) kettleводогре́йный котё́л — hot-water boilerводотру́бный котё́л — water-tube boilerга́зовый котё́л — gas-fired boilerгазомазу́тный котё́л — gas-and-oil-fired boilerгазотру́бный котё́л — gas-tube [fire-tube] boilerдвухко́нтурный котё́л — double-pressure boilerдвухко́рпусный котё́л — two-furnace boilerдевулканизацио́нный котё́л — devulcanizing pan, devulcanizerкотё́л для вы́топки жи́ра — rendering tank, fat melterкотё́л для вы́топки жи́ра под давле́нием — pressure fat melterкотё́л для вы́топки жи́ра сухи́м ме́тодом — dry rendering melterдражиро́вочный котё́л — dragйe panдымога́рный котё́л — fire-tube boilerжаротру́бный котё́л — shell(-type) [flue] boilerзато́рный котё́л пищ. — mash tank, mash tub, wort kettleклеева́рочный котё́л — glue kettleмазу́тный котё́л — oil-fired boilerмылова́ренный котё́л — soap pan, soap (boiling) kettle, soap copperогнетру́бный котё́л — fire-tube [smoke-tube] boilerодноко́рпусный котё́л — single-furnace boilerотливно́й котё́л полигр. — metal pot, crucibleотопи́тельный котё́л — heating boilerпарово́й котё́л — steam boiler, steam generatorпи́ковый котё́л — peak-load boilerпролё́тный котё́л — single-pass boilerпромы́шленный котё́л — industrial boilerпропа́рочный котё́л — autoclaveпропи́точный котё́л — impregnating vesselпрямото́чный котё́л — straight-through boilerпылеу́гольный котё́л — pulverized-coal fired boilerрафиниро́вочный котё́л пищ. — refining tankсатурацио́нный котё́л пищ. — carbonation tank, carbonation panсиропова́рочный котё́л — syrup panкотё́л с меша́лкой — agitator kettleкотё́л с надду́вом — pressure-fired boilerкотё́л с непосре́дственным обогре́вом, огнево́й — direct-fired kettleкотё́л с принуди́тельной циркуля́цией — forced-circulation boilerкотё́л с противото́ком — counter-current boilerсудово́й котё́л — marine boilerсуслова́рочный котё́л — brew kettleтру́бчатый котё́л — tubular boilerупа́рочный котё́л — concentrating tank, evaporatorшатро́вый котё́л тепл. — A-type boilerэкра́нный котё́л метал. — baffle boilerэлектри́ческий котё́л — electric boilerэнергети́ческий котё́л — power-generating boiler -
7 котёл
м. boiler; kettle, pan -
8 электростанция
ж. electric power stationэлектростанция, участвующая в АРЧМ — station under agg
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9 Denny, William
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 25 May 1847 Dumbarton, Scotlandd. 17 March 1887 Buenos Aires, Argentina[br]Scottish naval architect and partner in the leading British scientific shipbuilding company.[br]From 1844 until 1962, the Clyde shipyard of William Denny and Brothers, Dumbarton, produced over 1,500 ships, trained innumerable students of all nationalities in shipbuilding and marine engineering, and for the seventy-plus years of their existence were accepted worldwide as the leaders in the application of science to ship design and construction. Until the closure of the yard members of the Denny family were among the partners and later directors of the firm: they included men as distinguished as Dr Peter Denny (1821(?)–95), Sir Archibald Denny (1860–1936) and Sir Maurice Denny (1886– 1955), the main collaborator in the design of the Denny-Brown ship stabilizer.One of the most influential of this shipbuilding family was William Denny, now referred to as William 3! His early education was at Dumbarton, then on Jersey and finally at the Royal High School, Edinburgh, before he commenced an apprenticeship at his father's shipyard. From the outset he not only showed great aptitude for learning and hard work but also displayed an ability to create good relationships with all he came into contact with. At the early age of 21 he was admitted a partner of the shipbuilding business of William Denny and Brothers, and some years later also of the associated engineering firm of Denny \& Co. His deep-felt interest in what is now known as industrial relations led him in 1871 to set up a piecework system of payment in the shipyard. In this he was helped by the Yard Manager, Richard Ramage, who later was to found the Leith shipyard, which produced the world's most elegant steam yachts. This research was published later as a pamphlet called The Worth of Wages, an unusual and forward-looking action for the 1860s, when Denny maintained that an absentee employer should earn as much contempt and disapproval as an absentee landlord! In 1880 he initiated an awards scheme for all company employees, with grants and awards for inventions and production improvements. William Denny was not slow to impose new methods and to research naval architecture, a special interest being progressive ship trials with a view to predicting effective horsepower. In time this led to his proposal to the partners to build a ship model testing tank beside the Dumbarton shipyard; this scheme was completed in 1883 and was to the third in the world (after the Admiralty tank at Torquay, managed by William Froude and the Royal Netherlands Navy facility at Amsterdam, under B.J. Tideman. In 1876 the Denny Shipyard started work with mild-quality shipbuilding steel on hulls for the Irrawaddy Flotilla Company, and in 1879 the world's first two ships of any size using this weight-saving material were produced: they were the Rotomahana for the Union Steamship Company of New Zealand and the Buenos Ayrean for the Allan Line of Glasgow. On the naval-architecture side he was involved in Denny's proposals for standard cross curves of stability for all ships, which had far-reaching effects and are now accepted worldwide. He served on the committee working on improvements to the Load Line regulations and many other similar public bodies. After a severe bout of typhoid and an almost unacceptable burden of work, he left the United Kingdom for South America in June 1886 to attend to business with La Platense Flotilla Company, an associate company of William Denny and Brothers. In March the following year, while in Buenos Aires, he died by his own hand, a death that caused great and genuine sadness in the West of Scotland and elsewhere.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsPresident, Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland 1886. FRS Edinburgh 1879.BibliographyWilliam Denny presented many papers to various bodies, the most important being to the Institution of Naval Architects and to the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland. The subjects include: trials results, the relation of ship speed to power, Lloyd's Numerals, tonnage measurement, layout of shipyards, steel in shipbuilding, cross curves of stability, etc.Further ReadingA.B.Bruce, 1889, The Life of William Denny, Shipbuilder, London: Hodder \& Stoughton.Denny Dumbarton 1844–1932 (a souvenir hard-back produced for private circulation by the shipyard).Fred M.Walker, 1984, Song of the Clyde. A History of Clyde Shipbuilding, Cambridge: PSL.FMW -
10 Hedley, William
[br]b. 13 July 1779 Newburn, Northumberland, Englandd. 9 January 1843 Lanchester, Co. Durham, England[br]English coal-mine manager, pioneer in the construction and use of steam locomotives.[br]The Wylam wagonway passed Newburn, and Hedley, who went to school at Wylam, must have been familiar with this wagonway from childhood. It had been built c.1748 to carry coal from Wylam Colliery to the navigable limit of the Tyne at Lemington. In 1805 Hedley was appointed viewer, or manager, of Wylam Colliery by Christopher Blackett, who had inherited the colliery and wagonway in 1800. Unlike most Tyneside wagonways, the gradient of the Wylam line was insufficient for loaded wagons to run down by gravity and they had to be hauled by horses. Blackett had a locomotive, of the type designed by Richard Trevithick, built at Gateshead as early as 1804 but did not take delivery, probably because his wooden track was not strong enough. In 1808 Blackett and Hedley relaid the wagonway with plate rails of the type promoted by Benjamin Outram, and in 1812, following successful introduction of locomotives at Middleton by John Blenkinsop, Blackett asked Hedley to investigate the feasibility of locomotives at Wylam. The expense of re-laying with rack rails was unwelcome, and Hedley experimented to find out the relationship between the weight of a locomotive and the load it could move relying on its adhesion weight alone. He used first a model test carriage, which survives at the Science Museum, London, and then used a full-sized test carriage laden with weights in varying quantities and propelled by men turning handles. Having apparently satisfied himself on this point, he had a locomotive incorporating the frames and wheels of the test carriage built. The work was done at Wylam by Thomas Waters, who was familiar with the 1804 locomotive, Timothy Hackworth, foreman smith, and Jonathan Forster, enginewright. This locomotive, with cast-iron boiler and single cylinder, was unsatisfactory: Hackworth and Forster then built another locomotive to Hedley's design, with a wrought-iron return-tube boiler, two vertical external cylinders and drive via overhead beams through pinions to the two axles. This locomotive probably came into use in the spring of 1814: it performed well and further examples of the type were built. Their axle loading, however, was too great for the track and from about 1815 each locomotive was mounted on two four-wheeled bogies, the bogie having recently been invented by William Chapman. Hedley eventually left Wylam in 1827 to devote himself to other colliery interests. He supported the construction of the Clarence Railway, opened in 1833, and sent his coal over it in trains hauled by his own locomotives. Two of his Wylam locomotives survive— Puffing Billy at the Science Museum, London, and Wylam Dilly at the Royal Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh—though how much of these is original and how much dates from the period 1827–32, when the Wylam line was re-laid with edge rails and the locomotives reverted to four wheels (with flanges), is a matter of mild controversy.[br]Further ReadingP.R.B.Brooks, 1980, William Hedley Locomotive Pioneer, Newcastle upon Tyne: Tyne \& Wear Industrial Monuments Trust (a good recent short biography of Hedley, with bibliography).R.Young, 1975, Timothy Hackworth and the Locomotive, Shildon: Shildon "Stockton \& Darlington Railway" Silver Jubilee Committee; orig. pub. 1923, London.C.R.Warn, 1976, Waggonways and Early Railways of Northumberland, Newcastle upon Tyne: Frank Graham.See also: Stephenson, GeorgePJGR
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